Referred pain into the lower extremity is often called sciatica, since it follows the course of the sciatic nerve. Low back pain (LBP) is a common musculoskeletal ailment worldwide in which radiating leg pain is present in approximately 60% of the patients. We recommend adding these movements to the standard SLR with aim of improving diagnostic ability. ConclusionsĮSLR with the addition of location-specific structural differentiation is a reliable and repeatable tool in discerning neural symptoms from musculoskeletal in patients with radiating low back pain. The interrater agreement between Examiner 1 and Examiner 2 for the ESLR was 0.85 ( p < 0.001, 95%CI: 0.71–0.99) translating to almost perfect agreement as measured by Cohen’s Kappa When the ESLR was compared to the traditional SLR, the overall agreement rate was 75% (30/40). Also, the examiners’ ESLR results were compared to the traditional SLR results. Cohen’s Kappa score (CK) for interrater reliability was calculated for ESLR result in detection of sciatic patients. At this hip flexion angle, a location-specific structural differentiation was performed to confirm whether the emerged responses were of neural origin. First, SLR was performed traditionally until first responses were evoked. Two independent examiners (E1&E2) performed the ESLR and did not communicate to the subjects other than needed to determine the outcome of the ESLR.
Methodsįorty subjects were recruited to the study by the study controller (SC), 20 in the sciatic group and in the control group.
We added these movements to the SLR (extended SLR = ESLR) as structural differentiators and tested inter-rater reliability in patients with LBP, with and without sciatica.
Hip internal rotation tensions the lumbosacral nerve roots and ankle dorsiflexion tensions the sciatic nerve along its course. The straight leg raise (SLR) is the most commonly applied physical tests on patients with sciatica, but the sensitivity and specificity ratings for disc hernia and neural compression leave areas for improvement.
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